#side-nav {
    visibility: hidden;
    margin: 0 0 18px;
    position: absolute;
    top: 440px;
}

#side-nav ul {
    line-height: 1.2;
    list-style: none;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 24px 0 0 20px;
}

#side-nav ul li {
      font-size: 25px;
    /* margin-left: 5px; */
    font-family: oswaldbold;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    color: #1C8C3A !important;
    text-align: center;
}


li.toc-h2 a:hover {
    text-decoration: none;
}
#side-nav ul li.toc-active {
    border-left: 0px solid #003366;
}
#side-nav ul li + li.toc-active {
    border-left: 3px solid #003366;
}

#side-nav ul li + li {
    margin-top: 0px; text-align:left !important;
	border-left: 1px solid #fff; 
    padding: 5px 0 5px 10px;
    font-weight: 600; color:#1475BA !important;
    font-family: Poppins;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #fff;
    background: #f2f2f2; font-size:10px;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 11px 4px 10px 23px !important;
}

#side-nav ul li + li a{
   border: none;
    font-size: 14px;  color: #1475BA !important;
}
#side-nav ul li + li.toc-active a{
   border: none;
    font-size: 14px;  color: #1C8C3A !important;
}

#side-nav ul li a {
    border: none;
    font-size: 30px;  color: #1C8C3A !important;
}

#side-nav ul li.toc-active a {
    color:#1C8C3A;
}

@media only screen and (min-width: 992px) {
    #side-nav {
        visibility: visible;
       
    }
}
/*@media only screen and (max-height: 768px)  {
	#side-nav {
    width: 275px;
    margin: 25px 0px 0px 60px !important;
}
 #side-nav {
        visibility: visible;
       
    }
	
}*/

/*@media only screen and (min-width: 1200px) {*/
    #side-nav {
              width: 275px;
    margin: -54px 0px 0px 120px;
    }
/*}*/
li.toc-h2 a {
    color: #1475BA;
}

@media only screen and (max-width: 1024px) {
}}
@media screen and (max-height: 768px) {
	  #side-nav {
              width: 275px;
    margin: -54px 0px 0px 100px;
    }
}
@media screen and (max-height: 768px) and (max-width:1280px) {
	  #side-nav {
              width: 275px;
    margin: -54px 0px 0px 79px;
    }
}



@media screen and (max-height: 1024px) and (min-height:769px) {
	  #side-nav {
              width: 275px;
    margin: -54px 0px 0px 56px;
    }
}



@media only screen and (max-width: 767px) {
    #top-nav a.toggle-menu {
        display: inline-block;
    }

    #top-nav.menu-open {
        min-height: 100vh;
        overflow: scroll;
        position: fixed;
        top: 0 !important;
    }

    #top-nav.menu-open > div.menu {
        display: block;
    }

    #top-nav.menu-open a.toggle-menu {
        background-position: 0 0;
        height: 18px;
        width: 18px;
    }
}

@media only screen and (min-width: 768px) {
    #top-nav > span > ul > li {
        display: inline-block;
        height: 65px;
        margin: 0;
        padding: 0;
    }

    #top-nav > span > ul > li > span {
        cursor: default;
        display: block;
        padding: 15px 50px 12px;
    }

    #top-nav > span > ul > li > div {
        background-color: #f1f1f1;
        display: block;
        left: 0;
        min-height: 280px;
        position: absolute;
        top: 65px;
        visibility: hidden;
        width: 100%;
    }

    #top-nav > span > ul > li.mega-menu {
        text-align: left;
    }

    #top-nav > span > ul > li.mega-menu a.active {
        border-bottom: none;
    }

    #top-nav > span > ul > li.mega-menu.open > span {
        background-color: #f1f1f1;
        color: #f00;
    }

    #top-nav > span > ul > li.mega-menu.open > div {
        visibility: visible;
    }

    #top-nav > span > ul > li.articles-mega-menu > div {
        min-height: 460px;
        /*visibility: visible;*/
    }

    #top-nav > span > ul > li > div > div {
        margin: 10px auto;
        width: 640px;
    }

    #top-nav > span > ul > li.mega-menu > div > ul {
        padding: 20px 30px;
    }

   
main {
   /* margin: 0 0 150px;
    min-width: 320px;
    padding: 0;*/
}


div.bonnet + main {
    position: relative;
}

article a {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #d5d5d5;
    padding-bottom: .1em;
}


article a:hover {
    border-color: #f00;
}

article > header,
article > section,
article.results > ul {
    background-color: #fff;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 20px 25px 0;
}

article > section:last-child,
article.results > ul {
    padding-bottom: 20px;
}

div.pageBody.why-publish-with-heliyon article > section {
    min-height: 300px;
}

article header div, article.results ul div {
    color: #000;
    font-size: 18px;
    line-height: 1.67;
    margin: 0;
}

article header div.meta, article.results ul div.meta {
    font-size: 14px;
    margin: 0 0 8px;
    padding: 0;
}

article header div.meta span {
    display: block;
    margin: 0 0 10px;
    padding: 0;
}

article header div.meta time {
    float: left;
    margin: 0 20px 8px 0;
    width: 110px;
}

article header div.meta span.tags {
    color: #888;
    float: left;
    margin: 0 0 15px;
    width: 100%;
}

article section a[data-popup-type] {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

article section > figure,
article section > ul.figures {
    font-size: 16px;
    margin: 0;
    width: 100%;
}

article section > figure {
    margin: 32px 0 0;
}

article section > table {
    display: block;
    font-size: 16px;
    margin: 2em 0 0;
    overflow-x: scroll;
}

article section > figure a,
article section > table a {
    border-bottom: none;
}

article section > figure img {
    cursor: pointer;
    display: block;
    width: 270px;
}

article section > figure figcaption {
    margin: 20px 0 0;
}

article section ul.figures li p.caption {
    margin: 10px 0 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

article section figure figcaption span,
article section table caption span {
    display: inline;
}

article section figure figcaption span.label,
article section ul.figures li p.caption span.label,
article section table caption span.label {
    margin-right: 5px;
}

article section sup:before {
    content: '';
    white-space: nowrap;
}

article section sup {
    font-size: 13px;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

article section sup.footnote {
    color: #000;
    margin: 0 0 0 2px;
}

article div.figures-placeholder {
    display: none;
}

article section ul.figures {
    list-style-type: none;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

article section > table caption {
    display: block;
    font-size: 16px;
    margin: 0 0 10px;
    text-align: left;
    width: 100%;
}

article section > table tbody {
    color: #505050;
}

article section > table tbody tr:hover > td {
    background-color: #f8f8f8;
}

article section > table tr > th {
    color: #f00;
    padding: 12px 20px 12px 0;
    text-align: left;
}

article section > table thead > tr > th {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #000;
    vertical-align: bottom;
}

article section > table tbody > tr > th {
    vertical-align: top;
}

article section > table tbody > tr.separate,
article section > table tbody > tr > th.separate {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #dcdcdc;
}

article section > table tbody > tr > td {
    white-space: nowrap;
}

article section > table.wrapped tbody > tr > td {
    white-space: normal;
}

article section > table tbody > tr > td > p {
    display: inline;
    white-space: normal;
}

article section > table tbody tr td
{
    padding: 12px 20px 12px 0;
    vertical-align: top;
}


article section > table.massaged > thead > tr > th[colspan] {
    border-bottom: none;
}

article section > table.massaged > thead > tr > th[colspan] > div {
    border-top: 2px solid #dcdcdc;
    display: table;
    line-height: 48px;
    white-space: nowrap;
    width: 100%;
}

article section > table.massaged > tbody > tr > td[rowspan] {
    vertical-align: middle;
}

article section > table.massaged > tbody > tr > td[rowspan]:first-child {
    vertical-align: top;
}

article section > table.massaged > tbody.grouped > tr > td:first-child {
    text-indent: 20px;
}

article section > table.massaged > tbody.grouped > tr.group-heading > td {
    border-top: 1px solid #000;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #dcdcdc;
    text-indent: 0;
}

article section > table.massaged > tbody.grouped > tr.group-heading:first-child > td {
    border-top: none;
}

article section > table.massaged > tbody.grouped > tr.group-heading:last-child > td {
    border-bottom: none;
}

article section > table.massaged.centered > thead > tr > th,
article section > table.massaged.centered > tbody > tr > td {
    text-align: center;
}

article section > table.massaged.centered > thead > tr > th:first-child,
article section > table.massaged.centered > tbody > tr > td:first-child {
    text-align: left;
}

article section > p.footnote,
article section > p.legend {
    color: #000;
    font-size: 16px;
    margin: 10px 0 0;
}

article section > p.footnote > span.label {
    display: block;
    float: left;
}

article section > p.footnote > span.text {
    display: block;
    margin: 0 0 0 26px;
}

article section ul.figures li {
    margin-bottom: 25px;
}

div.contributorsStoryDisplay {
    background-color: #fff;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 40px 15px 0;
    position: relative;
    top: -150px;
}

div.thumbnail {
    border: 1px solid #ddd;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 4px;
    position: relative;
}

div.thumbnail > div {
    overflow: hidden;
}

div.thumbnail > div > img {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
}

div.thumbnail > div > img.tall {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
}

div.thumbnail > div > img.wide {
    width: auto;
    height: 100%;
}

dl.abbreviations {
    display: none;
}

@media only screen and (min-width: 532px) {

    article.call > section {
        width: 532px;
    }


    article.call > section > a.submit-button {
        background-position: 94% 50%;
        padding: 24px 60px 24px 24px;
        width: 344px;
    }
}

@media only screen and (min-width: 768px) {
    div.bonnet + main {
        margin: 0;
        top: -200px;
    }

    div.bonnet + main > article > header {
        min-height: 200px;
    }

    main {
        margin-bottom: 200px;
    }

    article > header, article > section {
        padding: 25px 30px 0;
        width: 680px;
    }

    article > section:last-child {
        padding-bottom: 25px;
    }

    article header div.meta span.tags {
        width: 450px;
    }

    article header div.meta span {
        float: left;
        margin-right: 20px;
    }

    article header div.meta span.cross-mark {
        border-bottom: none;
        display: inline-block;
        height: 24px;
        margin: -2px 0 0;
        text-indent: -9999px;
        width: 93px;
    }

    article header div.meta span.cite-as {
        float: right;
        margin-right: 0;
    }

    article header div.stats {
        float: left;
    }

    article header.narrow, article section.narrow {
        width: 550px;
    }

    article header.narrower, article section.narrower {
        width: 500px;
    }

    article section ul.figures li {
        float: left;
        margin-right: 2%;
        min-height: 200px;
        width: 32%;
    }

    article section ul.figures li:nth-child(3n+0) {
        margin-right: 0;
    }

    article.call > section {
        padding: 30px 80px;
        width: 680px;
    }

    article section ul.figures li div.thumbnail div {
        height: 126px;
    }

    article.results > header, article.results > ul {
        padding: 25px 30px 0;
        width: 740px;
    }

    article.results > ul {
        padding-bottom: 25px;
    }

    div.contributorsStoryDisplay {
        padding: 40px 0 0;
        top: -200px;
        width: 680px;
    }
}

@media only screen and (min-width: 992px) {
    article > header, article > section {
        padding: 35px 40px 0;
        width: 720px;
    }

    article > section:last-child {
        padding-bottom: 35px;
    }

    article header div.meta span.tags {
        width: 470px;
    }

    article header.narrow, article section.narrow {
        width: 600px;
    }

    article header.narrower, article section.narrower {
        width: 550px;
    }

    article section ul.figures li div.thumbnail div {
        height: 130px;
    }

    article.results > header, article.results > ul {
        padding: 35px 40px 0;
        width: 880px;
    }

    article.results > ul {
        padding-bottom: 35px;
    }

    div.contributorsStoryDisplay {
        width: 720px;
    }
}